Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are very well known for their antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasite importance. Nowadays, there are 18 TLRs – TLR 1-13 in human, and TLR14, 15, 21, 22, 23 among others vertebrates and invertebrates. As pivotal pathogen recognition receptors (PRR) they tend to be a part of many infections. Their role in bacterial infection is unquestioned, nevertheless, this paper shows the importance of those receptors in viral infections. Virus recognition by TLRs is based on the characteristics of PAMP – dsRNA, CpG motif of viral DNA, ssRNA and viral glycoprotein envelopes.
Moreover, the role of TLRs in viral haemorrhagic disease in rabbits as an interesting matter for authors, has been described.