Despite advances in treatment methods, there is still no therapy available to efficiently reduce the excessive inflammatory response in sepsis, which can increase the risk of multiple organ failure (MOF). One of the ways of discovering new, more efficient treatment methods consists in regulating the mechanisms of inflammatory response to a massive infection. In septic patients a significant role in antibacterial and inflammatory response play Toll-like receptors. This paper presents main mechanisms for innate immune response to LPS, based on the research results for both TLR-dependent and independent signaling pathways.