Enoxaparine (En) – the low-molecular weight heparin (LMW) is routinely used as anti-coagulant in the thrombo-embolic prophylaxis prior to and following any surgical intervention. Our preliminary observations demonstrated that single enoxaparine dose administered prior to the hip surgery resulted in the increased angiogenic activity and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels in patients’ sera without any corresponding alterations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration. The aim of the present study was to further analyze the mechanism of En proangiogenic effect. Plasma and serum samples have been collected from 12 patients prior to the hip surgery – before and 12 hours following single enoxaparine (40 mg) dose. In both materials serum and plasma, increased in vivo angiogenic activity has been demonstrated in the mouse cutaneous test following En administration. Also, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels increased while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations decreased after single enoxaparine dose. No significant alterations in plasma VEGF, fibrinogen and antithrombin III levels were seen.