Morphea (circumscribed scleroderma, localized scleroderma) represents a disease included into the sceroderma group of autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Interleukin (IL) – 1β may play role in pathogenesis of the disease as a cytokine of pronounced pro-inflammatory properties. The study aimed at evaluation of IL-1β levels in morphea. The study was conducted on 41 blood and 29 skin samples from patients with morphea. The evaluation included: 1) expression of IL-1β gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using real-time PCR, 2) plasma levels of IL-1β using ELISA, 3) expression of IL-1β gene in skin by real-time PCR. A significantly higher expression of IL-1β in PBMC of morphea patients and higher plasma levels of the cytokine were disclosed, as compared to healthy controls. No difference was noted in expression of IL-1β in the skin between morphea patients and healthy controls.