One of the most frequent causes of failures in the implantoprosthetic treatment, often leading to the loss of implant is bone atrophy around the implant. There are some reports of an inhibitory influence of IL-1 on bone formation process and density of the bone tissue. The aim of the study was the analysis of genetic polymorphisms of the interleukin-1 gene in patients treated or qualified for the prosthetic treatment with endosseous implants use. Material for the study was full blood sampled for anticoagulant (EDTA), obtained from 20 patients with full of partial loss of teeth, aged 21-60, who were treated implantologically or were waiting for the treatment with Branemark implants use (Nobel Biocare AB). Analysis of performed tests showed that in case of patients with IL-1B-511 2/2 genotype marginal bone loss >0.5 mm occurs more frequently than in case of patients with IL-1B-511 1/2 and IL-1B-511 1/1 genotypes.