On the grounds of concise review of literature comprising the most important findings achieved by different investigators during over fifty years of intensive research, authors describe the present state-of-art knowledge on the immunoregulatory role of thymus. Being responsible for creation of immune competence of T lymphocytes, the thymus is able to control immune functions also by regulation of immunity indirectly by neurohormonal mechanisms. They comprise both synergistic (e.g. growth hormone, prolactin, enkephalins, thyroid hormones) and antagonistic (e.g. adrenal and sex hormones) connections between the thymus and neurohormonal system. This way, remaining active for the whole life of the organism, providing both cellular and hormonal influences, the thymus integrates and maintains the homeostatic tasks of neuro-endocrine-immune network related to its metabolic, procreative, regenerative, tolerogenic and defensive functions.