Vaccination had been perhaps the most important achievement in medicine of the last century. Infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prevention of infections in these patients is a priority. However, the safety and immunogenicity of the currently avaible vaccines in SLE and RA patients remain controversial. Recommendations for the immunisation in such patients are unclear. This article is a review of the literature focused on the outcome of immunization of known SLE and RA patients.